Top 8 Techniques for Stormwater Management and Their Benefits. San Diego, California.

Have you ever faced the problem of excess water gathering on your rooftop or driveway after a heavy rain or snowing session? Did you ever get tired after spending hours cleaning it out?

From airports to highways and forests, stormwater has been a problem in rural and urban areas for ages after spells of rain, snow, and ice. 

It is widespread to see stormwater which the ground has not absorbed flow into the streets and corners. Unfortunately, it does not commute alone and picks up pollutants along its way. 

To solve this problem, an effective stormwater management plan needs to be executed!

Now, what is stormwater runoff? What is stormwater management and how is it done? What are its benefits?

If you are looking for the answers to these questions, you are at the right place as this blog will help you answer all of them. So, let us jump right in!

What is Stormwater Runoff?

The residue water remains stranded on grounds, streets, and industrial areas such as construction sites. It is also found in natural habitats such as forests and near lakes and rivers, ultimately flowing into the rivers.

To solve this issue, a stormwater drainage and management model is required. 

How to do Stormwater Management?

Storm Water Management can be defined as the effort or process to reduce the runoff of water and channel it to other sources to improve water quality. 

The primary purpose of this program is to detain the stormwater while removing the pollutants. 

Benefits/Importance of StormWater Management

Let us take a look at the importance of this system:

1. Maintains the hydrological cycle

It replenishes groundwater supply for agricultural and domestic purposes and helps maintain the soil moisture responsible for sustaining vegetation. 

If the groundwater recharge is lost, it can reduce the flow in streams which can have harmful effects on the aquatic species. 

2. Prevents Floods 

Constructive management of the stormwater also helps to keep floods in check. If you live in an urban area, the chances of flooding are higher due to less vegetation. 

This is because intense thunderstorms and downpours can increase the runoff of water unless managed wisely. 

3. Sustains Water Quality

It would sound strange, but the water outside your house could ultimately affect the water quality inside it! 

Stormwater management can reduce the impact of contaminated water sources that supply water to households. 

In addition to this, contaminated water which contains grease, metals, and pesticides will eventually be carried to the river bodies such as rivers and lakes, causing immense water pollution. 

4. Prevents Soil Erosion 

With proper stormwater management techniques, soil erosion can be prevented in rural vicinities by maintaining agricultural land productivity. Otherwise, stormwater runoff can wash away the rich soil cover of the land. 

Top 8 Storm Water management techniques

After readings the benefits of stormwater management, let's learn about some sustainable techniques of water management:

1. Infiltration Trenches

Deep or shallow trenches can be dug and lined to collect the stormwater, which can then be released back into the soil. 

However, trenches need to be correctly located and maintained to prevent clogging or groundwater contamination. 

2. Green Roofs

If you are tired of taking care of the runoffs, a green roof is a great sustainable stormwater management technique! 

Green roofs are a top-notch solution to prevent water accumulation and storage for people living in urban areas.  They are roofs that are equipped with vegetative covers that trap the rainwater and avert it. 

The thin layer of plants would definitely help as these roofs are an extension of a conventional one that includes installing a layered system of membranes, plants, and substrate. 

These roofs come with many plus points as they also contribute to the hydrological cycle by releasing the captured water back into the atmosphere. You see, it's a win-win situation! 

3. Dry Detention Basins

One of the most common solutions for stormwater runoffs is dry basins which are adaptable to any climate. 

Although they contain water for a limited period, the basins allow the pollutants and particles in the water to settle at the bottom of the pond. From there on, the water is released into lakes and streams.

Dry basins are a prevalent measure to control flooding as well. 

4. Permeable Pavers

Permeable pavers are interestingly the pavements in houses and buildings with just a slight modification. They come with voids in between that filter the water and infiltrate the precipitation into the ground and the soil.

Permeable pavements serve as an attractive landscaping feature while fulfilling the purpose of keeping driveways, patios, and walkways clean. 

5. Rain Barrels and Cisterns

Other popular and practical techniques are barrels and cisterns, which are low-cost systems installed to collect the stormwater from roofs and walls for later use.

This water can be used for other purposes such as gardening or watering the lawns. 

6. Underground Filtering 

This is a process whereby stormwater can be managed underground by passing through a filter that has been manufactured using special cartridges. 

These facilities collect the water from your site through an underground inlet pipe, simultaneously filtering it. 

7. Sand and Organic Filters

Again, these filters are used to separate the stormwater from pollutants and metals. 

A standard sand filter contains two to three chambers and buildings. Interestingly, it takes up significantly less space. Moreover, it can be used on highly developed sites as well. 

8. Riparian Buffers

These buffers are basically particular areas near lakes or streams where development is not allowed. The reason is to protect marine areas from any hazards or destruction. 

Thus, stormwater is managed by trapping the pollutants and toxins of the water in these buffer zones. 

Conclusion 

If you are looking for best stormwater practices - choose trained professionals to do the job for you, contact LASD Studio today!

LASD Studio aims to live in balance with nature by providing clean water, air, and soil resources for the next generation.

So what are you waiting for? Visit LASD Studio now and get ready to avail the best garden and landscape designs in California for a sustainable and better future!

Content Link Block

Select a page and create a visual link to it. Learn more

Blog

Top 9 Latest Trends to Follow for Exceptional Landscape Architecture

Are you tired of your boring landscape architecture design? Want to transform your dull outdoor landscape? Looking for innovative ideas for creating exceptional landscape architecture?

No need to be stressed! We have brought you a stack of the latest trending ideas to modify your landscape.

A perfectly designed landscape imparts appealing effects on its surrounding. Additionally, landscapes play a crucial role in boosting human mental health and reducing anxiety. 

Landscape architects can creatively design outdoor and indoor landscapes. Besides, they merge these landscape architecture designs with their surroundings to benefit both the environment and its inhabitants.

So, what is landscape architecture? What are the benefits of landscaping? Are there any new architecture trends to follow? 

This blog will help you answer all these questions, and more. 

What is Landscape Architecture?

Although landscape architecture and gardening are often considered the same, these two terms are quite different. 

Landscape architecture involves the study and its implementation to design indoor and outdoor spaces for the better functionality of nature and social community.

Landscape architects work to develop landscapes in various locations, including parks, buildings, offices, apartments, houses, shopping malls, town squares, cemeteries, schools, universities, forests, streets, and waterways for protecting mother nature.

Perks of Landscaping

Nature is the life source for every living organism. That's why conservation of nature is significant for their survival. 

Landscaping has plenty of benefits on our environment, some of which are as follows:

• Conserves nature

• Promotes a sense of well-being in the living organisms

• Plantation protects water quality

• Reduces soil erosion

• Lowers noise pollution

• Provides clean air

• Enhance the market value of the property

• Improves tourism

List of Landscape Architecture Trends to Follow

Exotic landscape architectures are a source of relaxation for sore eyes. Who doesn't want to have a fascinating spot in front of their eyes where they can relax?

Landscape architects follow different landscape concepts for different places depending upon the specific requirements.

Here are some of the mesmerizing landscape architecture trends you might find perfect for your landscapes.

1. Lit Your Space with Native Plants

Plantation of native plants is always the best choice for landscaping purposes. Native plants are adapted to their local environment and grow well in the related climate.

Moreover, native plants require low maintenance and water. They attract local wildlife, prevent pollution as well as save your money and efforts.

2. Change the Atmosphere with Multi-season Green

Landscape architects have introduced several evergreen shrubs to make your landscape appealing throughout the year.

Now you don't have to wait for spring to admire blooming flowers. Leucothoe, Winter Daphne, Cherry Laurel, Azalea, Yew, Mugo Pine, Mahonia, Lavender, and Juniper are a few evergreen shrubs that will make your landscape look wonderful all around the year.

3. Embellish Your Landscape with Lighting

Landscapes with unique lighting designs fascinate their viewers. Either your landscape is private or commercial, lighting will boost its beauty. 

Spotlighting, Grazing, Shadowing, Silhouetting, Pool Lighting, Moonlighting, Downlighting, and Uplighting are a few of the landscape lighting designs to bring specific vibrance to a landscape.

4. Design Your Outdoor Living Areas

Are you looking for a place to relax at home? Create yourself an outdoor living area landscape to fit your lifestyle.

Nowadays, outdoor areas' transformation into an open kitchen, living room, dining room, and play areas is highly trendy.

5. Go for the Vertical Gardens 

Don't have enough space for plantations? Go for the vertical garden; it requires less space. Before planting the vertical garden, it is suggested to cover the wall with a plastic sheet to avoid water contact with the respective wall.

Ferns, Lipstick Plants, Succulents, Dracaena, Crotons, Hosta, and Devil's Ivy are classified as the best plants for vertical gardens.

6. Create a Kitchen Garden

People are becoming more conscious of their well-being and prefer using organic fruits and vegetables. That's why kitchen gardening is again coming into the limelight after such a long pause.

Besides providing a nutritious diet, kitchen gardening also maintains your physical and mental health. Potatoes, beans, tomatoes, peas, onion, garlic, herbs, cucumbers, cherries, and lemons are a few of the best plants to grow for a kitchen gardening landscape.

7. Get Yourself a Rooftop Decking

Urban areas with a large population and fewer living spaces have promoted the trend of indoor landscape architecture. Rooftop decking landscape is the most desirable way to add beauty to your rooftop.

You can decorate your rooftop with Beach Vacation Theme or Oriental Theme, make it a poolside with green plants, or modify it into a comfortable sitting area.

8. Grow More Potted Plants

Another low-maintenance landscape is a landscape with more potted plants. Irrespective of the available space, potted plants show excellent controlled growth without an extensive need for weeding.

Potted plants are also best suited for indoor landscaping. They maintain the temperature and toxicity level of indoor places. Moreover, they make the indoor environment pleasant and relaxing.

9. Introduce Xeriscaping

A dry environment demands the plants with the capacity to retain water for a long time. Xeriscaping is the fittest landscape architecture for such types of environments. 

However, xeriscaping needs some special planning, soil analysis, and selection of suitable plants. 

Blue Wild Indigo, Sedum Rubrotinctum, Dwarf Lilyturf, Aloe Aristata, Santa Barbara Daisy, Purple Poppy-Mallow, Germander Sage, and False Shamrock are a few best plants to grow in a dry landscape environment.

Why LASD Studio? 

A landscape architect plans landscape architecture in a specific manner to harmonize it with nature. Thus, choosing the right landscaping company is very important.

LASD studio acknowledges the importance of nature on its inhabitants' lives and intends to design and reshape landscapes for nature's preservation.

Moreover, the company understands the client's needs and accompanies them in their journey to attain exceptional landscape architecture. LASD Studio offers its services for:

• Private localities

• Government localities

• Commercial localities

Conclusion

Landscape architectures play a critical role in improving the well-being of the environment. Moreover, these landscapes enhance the beauty of neighboring areas and promote the good mental health of living species.

Different localities are embellished with suitable kinds of landscape architecture designs for the well-being of the surroundings and the living organisms living there. 

Landscape architects are skilled in creating the fittest landscape possible for the specified neighborhood. 

If you are looking for a company to help you with landscape architecture and garden design in San Diego California, visit LASD Studio. It will give perfect landscape architecture to your indoor-outdoor localities, so get ready to create a space that you have always dreamt of!

Top 10 Jaw-dropping Ways that Help Achieve Fascinating Urban Designs

Walking in the predawn after another sleepless night, you think to yourself: how much longer do I have to live in this rusted part of the city? Is there any place nearby where one can have a better life?

Perhaps somewhere where mental peace is present, a place where the very architecture of the surrounding is more than enough to help to ignore the distant touches of the melancholy of life.

Well, my friend, you are fortunate because this post is all about urban design concepts and the top 10 ways that can help achieve fascinating urban designs. So, please make sure to read the entire blog!

What Do Urban Designs Imply?

Urban design is the advanced art of manufacturing and decorating cities and towns. It involves the arrangement and design of buildings, public places, transport systems.

Urban design encompasses a wide range of sectors, including planning, development, construction, geography, engineering, economics, law, and finance.

After learning the basics of Urban design, you might think about the factors that could help humans achieve even more amazing Urban designs.

So, here are 10 top-notch ways through which better urban design architecture is possible:

1. Eco-friendly Urban Designs

To increase performance and minimize energy demand, urban planning design should compensate for social and environmental factors. Furthermore, this can also help reduce the greenhouse effect and water consumption.

Designing buildings so that the biosphere's overall integrity remains unchanged is the fundamental block of good urban architecture.

Let's face the fact that our Earth has many environmental problems. In this regard, pollution is one of the significant problems worldwide, and urbanization is one of the leading causes of land pollution. 

Thus, the only way to save the environment is to apply the golden principles of Eco-friendly urban designs. Likewise, to achieve a healthier and pollution-free atmosphere, we should implement ozone-friendly urban architecture.

2. Urban Heat Island Effect Innovation

The Urban Heat Island Effect is the phenomenon that occurs when the trees on the land are replaced with buildings and other surfaces that absorb and retain heat.

This increases global warming, energy charges (e.g., air conditioning), heat-related illness, mortality, and air pollution levels.

Climate Change can be very severe and harsh if this factor is not considered in the future.

3. Problem-free Urban Design Projects

Nobody wants to hear the depressing news on tv regarding the people who died in a sudden building collapse. To avoid such accidents, the material used in building infrastructures should be reliable and authentic one or else it can result in serious physical damage.

The only way to move towards brighter urban design ideas is to consider sustainability with a serious attitude.

In this regard, stormwater administration, creating Bioretention basins, riverbank restoration, greywater filtration, handling runoff from the road infrastructure should also be addressed.

4. Creative Urban Designing

Creativity is one of the most critical aspects of urban design architecture. Beautifully constructed buildings attract people. People love seeing elegant construction styles.

The construction of conceptual and artistic buildings plays a vital role in the long-term development of the city. The urban design tries to establish reasonable urban environments with durable designs, structures, and overall livability.

 You see, to achieve fascinating urban designs, a lot of creative work has to be carried out!

5. Better Quality Products

Quality matters over quantity. This motto plays a pivotal role in urban designs!

The use of better material in a building strengthens its long-term security.

Everybody wants to feel secure. Henceforth, a good urban design should also use better products to induce the very feeling of security in the public's hearts.

6. Economic Consideration

Promoting the art of achieving more while spending less is on a peaking trend these days. Everybody wants to save some money! 

So, an ideal urban design project should exist in affordable realms.

Not compromising the quality while keeping the price affordable now is difficult, but critical thinking always pulls through!

7. Wildlife-friendly Community

People indeed love animals, don't they? Therefore, enhancing wildlife and biodiversity could be a great way to generate a better urban design.

Making good urban designs without disturbing the ecosystem is an important topic that needs to be dealt with a sheer amount of professionalism.

8. Green Infrastructure

Creating more community gardens and fruit parks would make the citizens interact with one another, promoting a sense of brotherhood and belonging.

Reducing heavy traffic, noise, vehicle speed, and using less harmful chemicals can further help achieve an eco-friendly urban design. Moreover, the construction phase should be made more environmental-friendly as well. 

9. Garbage Secretion

Garbage disposal is the fundamental concept of modern society. We can't let piles of dirt accumulate on one another as doing so will ruin the city's aesthetics.

Instead, there should be a perfect garbage secretion mechanism. In this regard, setting up landfills miles away from the populated area is one of the most common garbage disposal methods.

10. The connection between people and place

The urban plan involves making associations among people and places, development, urban structure, nature, and the constructed texture.

Urban design is the link between the past and the future since it tells about the place's history. It also tells us about the uniqueness of the place. 

Additionally, it creates a vision for an area and then deploys the resources and skills needed to bring the vision to life.

Conclusion

If you are looking for urban-design-related work, then LASD Studio is the best place for you! LASD Studio is based in San Diego, California, and it provides excellent garden design, landscape architecture, urban design, and regional landscape design services.

They aim to make, shape, and regenerate the landscape and urban environments so that life can continue to exist sustainably. Their main goal is to live in harmony with nature while also preserving vital resources for future generations.

Moreover, they can program and project development for villages and cities as per the modern research. Promoting the everlasting greenery concept, their skilled team does a great job making their designs and architecture look modern.

So, if you are in San Diego, get in touch with LASD Studioand get ready to get the best urban design services!

What's So Trendy About Modern Garden Ideas That Everyone Goes Crazy Over Them?

Do you love gardening? Is having a lovely and exuberant garden on the list of features of your dream house? Are you curious about what modern garden ideas are?

Do you love gardening? Is having a lovely and exuberant garden on the list of features of your dream house? Are you curious about what modern garden ideas are?

After all, most of us love spending an evening on the lawn trying to make the most out of the little quality family-time we get.

Recently, there have been incredible advancements in the landscape designing industry. Paint this picture for a start: an outdoor kitchen, glamorous outdoor lightings, a swimming pool, radiant plantations, the smell of fresh roses, and a cozy fireplace in the corner. 

It's the perfect mix of nature and home activities! 

This blog will explore what's trending in modern garden ideas and what points you should consider before you make your garden design. So, let us get started!

How has gardening evolved?

The first detailed garden design dates to about 1400 BC in the early Egyptian era. It belonged to an Egyptian high court official.

You would be amazed to find that the garden was fully symmetrical, and the main entrance was arranged as a vine-covered pergola walk that led directly to the house. 

So, if 1400 BC can have a technical design, imagine where we are at now! 

Since the 1990s, the shift has been made from ornamental to fit gardens ecologically. People have become more oriented towards creating house gardens with focused trends of succulent, tropical, and organic houseplants.

Lately, landscapes have become more divided into geometric sections with polymorphic shapes, which makes modern landscaping very refreshing. 

It focuses on clean straight lines and open spaces to make the garden more exuberant, consistent, and eye-catching. All in all, modern gardens have gotten more aesthetically pleasing.  

Alright, now, let's jump into what are the features of modern gardens.

Features of modern gardens

• Consistency with house design

Modern landscaping designs focus on keeping every inch of the house color and design in contrast and consistent. The colors and layout compliment the house design.

You see, the picture of the 'garden' has to be from the same collection as the picture of the 'house'.

The lawn's pavement and lines should soften the edges of the house and show a smooth transition from the house to the garden.

• Continuity

By continuity, it means that the garden designs have repeating colors, patterns, and shapes. 

• Geometry

The most important feature of modern landscaping is making sure it is geometrically maximized. 

As mentioned before, bold shapes and clean lines are trending. Even in sculptural shrubbery, people nowadays want a clear cut and well-organized geometrical boxwood or cedar. 

• Water Features

Basic features such as ponds, swimming pools, and fire pits are extremely trendy in modern landscaping ideas these days.

These features make the garden more vibrant while adding a new layer of sensory texture.

• Low maintenance plants

In the current modern days, it is tough to find time for anything. Therefore, the essential part of designing a modern garden is to ensure that the people do not have to spend much time on its maintenance. 

Plants must be integrated into the overall design, and they must provide minimal botanical diversity and balance.

Plants like Aloe Vera, lemon trees, and snake plants are used in modern-day garden designing.  

• Use of natural materials

Natural materials like stones, wood, and native plants are some of the most common features in gardens today.

Most trending contemporary garden designs

• Pool and spa gardens

Do you have a lot of outdoor space to work with? Add a swimming pool.

Water features like pool and swimming areas serve as the focal point for relaxing or exercising in your own home. Not to mention they add to the aesthetics of your house garden.

It is a luxury but something that will add to your garden look and your house as a whole. 

• The vibrant light stone courtyard

A tiled courtyard to go with your outdoor BBQ grill with stunning and smooth lightings will help create the most vibrant environment in your house. 

For a modern luxury garden design scheme, light stone or concrete are ideal materials.

• Greenwich green revival mod 

Add plants to your sitting area and make it more refreshing. This idea upholds the revival of the Greenwich village, adding a Greek touch to your garden. 

Well, no law says you have to decorate as though it's 1839, but you can always add an antique touch to your design.

• Vertical gardening

A recent change from mainstream gardening has led to the use of vertical patterns and shapes in garden design. 

Using hydroponics, vertical gardening is a method for growing plants on a vertically suspended panel.

• Install an orangery 

An orangery will be at the center of your garden. Yes, many people will mistake that as a birdhouse, but they will see its true potential when they will be sitting inside it and enjoying the sight of rain.

• Fancy outdoor dining set

If you are a fan of Alfresco dining, then you must get a good dining set. 

Do not settle for a less than perfect dining set, as that will serve as the key to your entire gardening look. 

There are many more garden design ideas, and you can contact LASD Studio for more insight on them.  

Conclusion

Up till now, we have discussed the features and the trending layouts of modern gardens. In short, you need to decide the basic garden you want and then add complimentary stuff like fountains, pools, orangery, etc. 

Lastly, let's see a company where you can get your garden designed.

Design your garden with LASD Studio

LASD Studio is based in San Diego, California, and it provides the following services:

• Garden design

• Landscape architecture

• Urban design

• Regional landscape

The company keeps up with the latest trends and considers all the features involved in modern garden ideas. 

Moreover, the team aims to create aesthetically pleasing garden designs while ensuring that they are ecologically benefiting as well. 

LASD Studio provides one of the most in-demand garden designers in California. So, if you are based in San Diego and want to design your garden, you know who to get in touch with. Rest assured, you will be in safe hands!

Happy Garden planning!

Healing the energy of Earth, society and people

I can discover an easy and proven way to heal my energy, and help guarantee my future health and happiness. Create an outdoor inspirational environment with the unique concept from LASD Studio. I will love the result of the POWERFUL daily retreat with my new landscape design by LASD Studio. I cultivate deeper compassion, acceptance, and a higher purpose in life for the continuous unfolding of love and gratitude to our mother Earth by LASD Studio design services. If I am in need of a powerful retreat for my spirit and body energy, I shall create a new outdoor environment, I will receive an inspirational space for peace of mind with energy restoration because there is LASD Studio team ready to make it for me.

LASD Studio targeting global environmental issues. Every design is treated as a blueprint for healing the Earth, Landscape and ecosystem. It is not a surprise that the Earth-change dynamic trends lead next generations to the global warming and increase of CO2 emission. This dynamic started to increase dramatically during the industrial period of human civilization. At LASD Studio we believe that each of our projects heals the planet. By our works we dealing with: CO2 emission; soil phytoremediation; reestablishment of the ecosystem; reducing water and electricity usage; bringing wildlife and biodiversity to the site in order to heal the Earth for future generations. We believe in Gaya theory that proposes that organisms interact with their inorganic surroundings on Earth forming a synergetic self-regulating system that helps to maintain the conditions for life on the planet. Therefore, each individual project is a huge contribution for the healing and preserving the Earth for the next human generation.

The ecosystem is a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environments. We look at the existing condition of the ecosystem and create design based on micro and macro ecosystem environments. This holistic principle helps us to understand the existing condition of the place and provide a sustainable solution for every individual project as a part of the bigger ecosystem image. We use local building materials and plants to create a closer connection between humans and nature. As a part of the sustainability we look at the stormwater management, water and electricity efficiency of the design, as well as supporting local flora and fauna. All these are the forces needed for the better future of humans and our planet, but they also significantly reduce the price for the project installation.

Art stands for bringing an aesthetic value for each individual project based on style, combination of styles and human history of Art. We believe that Art is the first step in the evolution of design.

Evolution of Art and Landscape Design

Renaissance

During Renaissance times, from an art perspective, the landscape was considered as a constant static environment. The main idea was to represent the perfection of ideal landscapes. It is beautifully described in the concept ‘Landscape Two’ by John Brinckerhoff Jackson. According to Jackson, the landscape is characterized as a ‘permanent position both in the social and topographical sense, that gives us our identity’ [1]. The landscape was shown as a very static, constant, and scenic element of human life. At the same time, the landscape was seen as a gentle organism. In pictorial art, the paintings of Claude Lorrain reflect the idea of a pastoral scene with balanced unity of man and nature.

Industrialism and Early Modernism

Lately, Jan Bijhouwer in his book ‘Het Nederlandse Landschap’ described the landscape as a continuous, ongoing process over time and space [2]. Thus, the Aesthetic of the landscape changes towards a more dynamic and unstable system. Also, Jackson, inspired by American landscapes and its processes of changes, wrote ‘I am confused by the temporary spaces I see: the drive-in, fast-food establishment that is torn down after a year, the fields planted to corn and then the soya beans and then subdivided; the trailer communities that vanish when vacation is over, the tropical gardens in shopping malls that are replaced each season; motels abandoned when the highway moves.’ [3] The landscape is always artificial, always synthetic, and always subject to a sudden or unpredictable change. Lately, Jackson’s realistic vision was supplemented by the concept of ‘Total Landscape’ by Rolf Peter Sieferle ‘The totality of the total landscape is a residual product of many different actions, each of which pursues its own ends. It reflects the result of work, traffic, housing, recreation, tourism, consumerism, landscape planning nature protection…’ [4] All these contemporary theories are simply the summary of a major development of human civilization. As a result, different actions and processes lead to a change of style and aesthetic of the landscape. This switch from classical aesthetic to relational aesthetic was described in ‘System Esthetics’ by Jack Burnham ‘the system approach goes beyond a concern with staged environments and happenings; it deals in a revolutionary fashion with the larger problem of boundary concepts. From a systems perspective, there are no contrived than material limits define the system’. [5] This switch of aesthetics can be seen in the pictorial artworks of Wassily Kandinsky. It simply represents objects and processes that correlate in the relation to each other in one system of complex composition. Rem Koolhaas described this concept as ‘free style’: ‘There are three elements: roads, buildings, and nature; they coexist in flexible relationships, seemingly without reason, in speculator organizational diversity.’ [6] A good example of such a concept could be submitted design for Park de la Villette by Rem Koolhaas, an extremely complex example of processes that in some way could be related to the artwork of Wassily Kandinsky, Klee, and Mondrian.

Triumph of Modernism
When we look at modern art, in particular of Abstract Expressionism, we realize that the whole canvas is one united world with the complex coexistence of different elements. A good example would be the works of Jackson Pollock, Mark Rothko, and Willem de Kooning. ‘Abstract art has helped us to experience the emotional power in the pure form’. [7] Besides the contemporary science of perception of spaces and emotional power, Abstract Art represents the idea of wholeness, unitedness, and completely holistic approach in designing spaces. Contemporary art trends lead us towards bringing more nature and wildlife into the design while playing a contract with contemporary architecture and the power of pure nature. [8]

Aesthetic and Styles in Landscape Architecture
At LASD Studio we define several main architectural styles. Those are Victorian, Islamic Architecture, Romanesque, Baroque, Bauhaus, Neo-classical, Renaissance, Gothic, Modernism and Contemporary Styles. In the United States of America, we mainly define Colonial, Spanish Revival, and Contemporary architectural styles.

Victorian
The Victorian Era saw a reinvestigation of many architectural styles including Gothic Revival, Tudor, and Romanesque. During the industrial revolution, many homes were built in the Victorian style.

Islamic Architecture
Islamic architecture varies greatly depending on the region such as Persia, North Africa, and Spain. Moorish and Mosque are the best examples of Islamic styles including pointer arches, symmetry, domes, and beautiful courtyards with the decoration of surfaces by tiles.

Romanesque
Romanesque or Norman Architecture style emerged across Europe in the late 10th Century. The most famous features are the rounded arches, repetition of rows of round-headed arches, stylized floral, and foliage stone. You might see this style in Portugal churches like Porto Cathedral.

Baroque
Baroque arrived later after Romanesque style. Baroque as a style appeared during the celebration of the Catholic religion, it is more emotive, spectacular and represents the power of balanced order with the visual points of static aesthetical order. You might find a good example of such work as the Palace of Versailles.

Tudor
Tudor architecture arrived as the latest phase of the medieval period in England between the 1400s and 1600s. Usually, houses were built with a thatched roof, masonry chimney, and timber-framed facades. You might see this style in Gisselfeld, Denmark, and Warwickshire, England.

Bauhaus
Originally an art school in Germany in the early 1900s. The main idea of this style is to unify mass-production of the specific design. As a definition for this style, you can look at cubic shapes, flat roofs, glass curtain walls. A good example of such a style could be IKEA, Schools of Soviet architecture, etc.

Neo-classical
Neoclassicism arrived from Baroque and Rococo styles. Inspiration for this style was the classic Ancient Greek and Roman architecture where symmetry and perfection of balance were the core of the design. As the main element of such design, you might found free-standing columns, clean lines, excessive open grass areas, as well as lion sculptures that guarding the greatness of the architecture.

Renaissance
Renaissance appeared in Italy during the 15th Century. The main intention of the design was to reflect the elegance and ideals of private domestic life. Here you might find the open large forest with private hunting facilities, as well as, enclosed courtyards, classical motifs of the power of symmetry and order. All these demonstrate human power over nature.

Gothic
Gothic architecture delivered Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, and great European architecture from the 12th Century. It combines flourishes of the previous styles and uses them all together. However, this style brings more elegance to all of the elements including thinner walls, adorned windows with beautiful mosaic patterns, more elegant columns, and the symmetry of order as a blueprint for the design.

Modernism and Contemporary
Modernism is a movement from the 20th century including styles like futurism, Post-Modernism, New Classical Architecture, and Contemporary movement of the architecture. It begins to use new unknown materials, shapes, spaces; the design is based on sunlight, freedom, and shaping a human comfort. It combines all the greatness of previous styles in a new metamorphosis of previously unknown architecture. Here is the dominance of disorder vs. order and the relation of elements on a free-standing aesthetical coexistence versus spatial perfection of balanced architecture.